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Russian Pronunciation: Soft-Indicating Vowels

The basic rule to make a "soft-indicating" Russian vowel is to combine a sound of English y with corresponding "hard-indicating" vowel. For example, to get Russian ÿ you should say y + a as if they are one whole (ya). Here I will introduce you into five "soft" vowels of the Russian language ÿ, å, ¸, è, þ. You will also learn a rule of the Russian pronunciation called ikanie.

ß as in yahoo

This vowel is pronounced like English ya in yahoo. Practice these words:

ÿìà ðÿä ÿõòà ìÿñî
ya-ma ryat yakh-ta mya-sa
hole row yacht meat

E as in yes

The Russian sound of e is easy, because it is close to ye in English yes. Do not confuse it with English letter e, which sounds like Russian ý. Practice these words:

ìåñòî ëåòî ïåñíÿ âåñåëî
myes-ta lye-ta pyes-nya vye-see-la
place summer song marrily

In the word âåñåëî, an unstressed e sounds like an abbreviated Russian è. This rules is called ikanie and it also applies to unstressed ÿ and ý.

Rule #2

In unstressed positions, Russian letters ß, Å, Ý are pronounced like an abbreviated Russian È.


¨ as in yonder

This letter is pronounced like yo in yonder. As you can see, ¸ is formed from y sound and vowel o: y + o = ¸. Now practice these words:

¸æ ¸ëêà ïë¸íêà
yozh yol-ka plyon-ka
hedgehog fir-tree film, tape

 

Rule #3

The letter ¨ is always stressed in Russian words.



È as in meet

This letter is pronounced like ee in meet. Practice these exercises:

èãëà Èíäèÿ ïèêíèê ëèñò
eeg-lah een-dee-ya peek-neek leest
needle India picnic leaf


Þ as in you

The letter þ denotes the same sound as the English word you. Practice these words:

þã Þïèòåð ïëþñ
yook yoo-pee-tyer plyoos
south Jupiter plus sign

 

Quick reference on "soft-indicating" vowels

Russian letter Symbol Pronunciation
ß (stressed) ya as ya in yahoo
ß (unstressed) ee as ee in meet, but very short
Å (stressed) ye as ye in yes
Å (unstressed) ee as ee in meet, but very short
¨ (always stressed) yo as yo in yonder
Þ yoo as the word you
È (stressed) ee as ee in meet

 

First page > Russian "Hard" Vowels > Page 1, 2

 

 

 

 

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